Tuesday, June 18, 2013

Marxist Criticism of Franz Kafka's Metamorphosis


Marxist Criticism of the Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka


           There is a very oppressive, top down theme present in this writing.  The feeling of fear and hopelessness is very evident.  As I am preparing this writing, I too am feeling the residual effects of working class terror - fear, guilt, shame and anxiety for not adhering to a predetermined schedule. 

            There is a tug-of-war incident between the harsh and dismissive perspective of the “boss” and “the insurance doctor” in that they believe “everyone is completely healthy but really lazy about work”; versus the general perspective of “the worker” who is trying to  resolve his right to survive, which is entangled with dehumanizing, miserable work conditions.  The “boss” and “insurance doctor” gang-up and crush the worker with their policies.

            Throughout the composition, there is an absence of the names of the characters.  There are only functions: the boss, the errand boy, the insurance doctor and traveling salesman, erasing the need to be concerned with the individual, only with their utility. 

            The “worker” does not have control of his own life.  His life is run by machines - clocks, watches and trains.  His life is excruciatingly regimented.  He has never missed a day of work in (5) years.  He must get up at 4.  He can’t be late.  He must get up early.  He has an ever looming fear of losing his livelihood.

            The image that comes to my mind when I read the description of Gregor’s boss is of New Jersey Governor Chris Christie.  A fat, loud, domineering, red-faced, cigar chewing, type A personality.  The boss is placed physically above “the workers”, talking down to them, forcing them to look up at him in an uncomfortable, awkward way; amplifying their insignificance and his dominance.  Gregor’s boss is apparently “the boss” everywhere.  He is able to enter into the personal home and family life of “the worker” and can usurp the family hierarchy.  The “boss” knows Gregor’s parents.  The “boss” is able to disrespect and criticize the parent’s child rearing skills.  There is an indentured servant relationship between “the boss”, Gregor’s family and Gregor.  The parents are indebted to the boss, and have handed over their son to work off their debt.

            Our protagonist is so dehumanized that he is in the form of an insect.  He finds himself on his back, wriggling and writhing, unable to stand, turnover or control his legs.  His underbelly is exposed, which is the Achilles heel of an insect.  An insect is something that you step on.  It is miniscule.  It is unwanted.  It is something that disgusts others.  It embodies how the worker feels, and how he is viewed by “the boss” and society.

            Gregor is isolated and has no one to talk to about his feelings.  His family serves as reinforcement of servile working class values.  Everyone in the house comes to the door to encourage him to go to work.  He is unable to share with them that he has serious “physical problems”. 

Gregor wants to break free from his servile life.   He states: “If I were to try that with my boss, I’d be thrown out on the spot.  Still, who knows whether that mightn’t be really good for me.” And further when the insurance doctor makes his poorly thought out statements about everyone being healthy but lazy, Gregor adds “And besides, would the doctor in this case be totally wrong?”

This excerpt from Franz Kafka is a wonderfully creative and thought provoking way of presenting working class struggles, worker vexation and iron-handed capitalism.

Published:  http://www.cafedelapensee.com/node/1222

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